环境搭建——Linux 下部署 Django 环境

安装基础环境

安装 Nginx

yum install nginx

安装完成后，执行如下命令来启动 Nginx

systemctl start nginx.service

systemctl enable nginx.service

安装 Python 环境

yum install https://centos7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm -y 

yum install python36u  -y

yum install python36u-pip python36u-devel  -y

配置 Python PIP 的清华镜像

mkdir ~/.config/pip/pip.conf

编辑pip.conf

vim /root/.config/pip/pip.conf

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

安装 MySQL

yum install mariadb mariadb-server -y 
systemctl start mariadb.service
systemctl enable mariadb.service

安装完成后，执行如下命令来进行 mariadb 的初始化，并根据提示设置 root 的密码（默认密码为空）

mysql_secure_installation

初始化 Python 项目

初始化虚拟环境

为了不影响外界环境的清洁，所以我们使用虚拟环境来配置 Django 项目

cd /home/
mkdir django
cd django
python3.6 -m venv venv

创建完成后，执行命令，进入虚拟环境

source venv/bin/activate

然后在虚拟环境中安装 django 并初始化项目

pip install django
django-admin startproject my
cd my 
python manage.py startapp mine  

预览项目

创建完成 App 后，我们需要修改 my/settings.py 使 Django 能处理来做所有域名中的请求

    """
Django settings for my project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '^p3prd2a*$y-#n%jy2#@)setwu(1+yv#2kas4l*4r5_ss&+3zm'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'my.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'my.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME':     'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
        },
    ]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

修改完成后，执行如下命令来启动 Django 的测试服务器。

配置 Uwsgi

安装 Uwsgi

deactivate

接下来，我们来安装配置 Uwsgi

yum install gcc -y
python3.6 -m pip install uwsgi  

测试 Uwsgi

执行如下命令，测试使用 uwsgi 来启动 django

uwsgi --http :80 --chdir /home/django/my --home=/home/django/venv --module my.wsgi

配置 Uwsgi

首先，我们来创建一个目录用于存放 Django 的配置文件

然后在这个目录下创建一个文件 uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
socket = /home/django_conf/my.sock
chdir = /home/django/my
wsgi-file = my/wsgi.py
plugins = python
virtualenv = /home/django/venv/
processes = 2
threads = 4
chmod-socket = 664
chown-socket = nginx:nginx
vacuum = true

配置 Nginx

配置完成 Uwsgi 后，我们来创建 Nginx 的配置文件(/etc/nginx/conf.d/my.conf)

server {
    listen      80;
    server_name asm100.com;
    charset     utf-8;

    client_max_body_size 75M;

    location /media  {
        alias /home/django/my/media;
    }

    location /static {
        alias /home/django/my/static;
    }

    location / {
        uwsgi_pass  unix:///home/django_conf/my.sock;
        include     /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
    }
}

然后，重启 Nginx

systemctl restart nginx.service

配置 Supervisord

接下来，我们来配置 Supervisord ，确保我们的 django 可以持久运行首先，我们要安装 pip ，用来安装 Supervisord。

yum install python-pip -y

安装完成后，我们使用 pip 来安装 supervisord，并输出配置文件

python -m pip install supervisor
echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf

并在配置文件(/etc/supervisord.conf)底部添加如下代码

[program:my]
command=/usr/bin/uwsgi --ini /home/django_conf/uwsgi.ini
directory=/home/django/my
startsecs=0
stopwaitsecs=0
autostart=true
autorestart=true

添加完成后，执行如下命令来启动 supervisord

环境搭建——Linux 下部署 Django 环境

Django

安装基础环境

初始化 Python 项目

配置 Uwsgi

配置 Nginx

配置 Supervisord

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